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Saturn Devouring His Son
''Saturn Devouring His Son'' is the name given to a painting by Spanish artist Francisco Goya. According to the traditional interpretation, it depicts the Greek myth of the Titan Cronus (in the title Romanised to Saturn), who, fearing that he would be overthrown by one of his children,〔"These great Cronos swallowed as each came forth from the womb to his mother's knees with this intent, that no other of the proud sons of Heaven should hold the kingly office amongst the deathless gods. For he learned from Earth and starry Heaven that he was destined to be overcome by his own son, strong though he was, through the contriving of great Zeus." - Hesiod 〕 ate each one upon their birth. The work is one of the 14 ''Black Paintings'' that Goya painted directly onto the walls of his house sometime between 1819 and 1823. It was transferred to canvas after Goya's death and has since been held in the Museo del Prado in Madrid.
==Background==
In 1819, Goya purchased a house on the banks of Manzanares near Madrid called ''Quinta del Sordo'' (''Villa of the Deaf Man''). It was a two-story house which was named after a previous occupant who had been deaf, although the name was fitting for Goya too, who had been left deaf after contracting a fever in 1792. Between 1819 and 1823, when he left the house to move to Bordeaux, Goya produced a series of 14 works, which he painted with oils directly onto the walls of the house. At the age of 73, and having survived two life-threatening illnesses, Goya was likely to have been concerned with his own mortality, and was increasingly embittered by the civil strife occurring in Spain. Although he initially decorated the rooms of the house with more inspiring images, in time he overpainted them all with the intense haunting pictures known today as the ''Black Paintings''. Uncommissioned and never meant for public display, these pictures reflect his darkening mood with some intense scenes of malevolence and conflict.〔"But never before and never since, as far as we know, has a major, ambitious cycle of paintings been painted with the intention of keeping the pictures an entirely private affair." Licht, 159〕
''Saturn Devouring His Son'', a disturbing portrait of the titan Saturn consuming one of his children, was one of six works with which Goya decorated the dining room. According to Roman myth (inspired by the original Greek myth), it had been foretold that one of the sons of Saturn would overthrow him, just as he had overthrown his father, Caelus. To prevent this, Saturn ate his children moments after each was born. His wife Ops eventually hid his sixth son, Jupiter, on the island of Crete, deceiving Saturn by offering a stone wrapped in swaddling in his place. Jupiter eventually supplanted his father just as the prophecy had predicted.
Goya never named the works he produced at ''Quinta del Sordo''; the names were assigned by others after his death,〔Licht, 168〕 and this painting is also known as just ''Saturn'', ''Saturn Devouring One of His Sons'', ''Saturn Devouring his Children'' or by the Spanish names ''Saturno devorando a su hijo'' or ''Saturno devorando a un hijo''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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